Postby rklenseth » Fri Nov 21, 2003 8:34 pm
This is an essay I wrote from my Irish Studies class
The Grest Hunger of 1845-1852 in Ireland was originally a natural catastrophe that got out of hand but that would become both genocide and ethic cleansing. The British used every excuse in the book to otherwise limit food going into Ireland and to find ways to deplete the Irish population from the land of the Irish. For 7 years, millions of Irish died or emigrated to places like America. Others that stayed faced constant hunger, slavery by the wealthy landlords and British workhouses, and the British tried to stop the Irish from having children.
Fact is that genocide and ethnic cleansing began in Ireland long before the Great Hunger. From the "Pale" (Statutes of Kilkenny) to Oliver Cromwell to the cleansing of the Northern Provinces ("To Hell or Connacht") of Ireland of Irish Catholics all of which occurred before the Great Hunger. But the Celtic, Catholic Irish always seemed to have found a way to survive both physically and culturally. The Great Hunger would be the worse of these genocidal acts upon the Irish people.
The crops of potatoes in Ireland had begun to fail before 1845 due to the potato blight. The blight spread quickly across the world and eventually made its way to Ireland. It didn't take long for the blight to destroy the Irish potato crop. The Irish, who lived on the potatoes for food, soon found themselves starving. One of the sad parts of this tragedy was that the Irish grew enough wheat to feed the themselves but the British took the wheat from the Irish for their own purposes. The British also took a hands off approach to the famine using the excuse of "laissez-faire" to stay out of helping fix the Irish famine. The fact of the matter is that the British upheld the absolute right of the landlords aswell as passed the Poor Law that allowed and even encouraged landlords to evict the Irish from their land. The British also made sure that grains from places like America did not get to Ireland. A great demostration of one-way policy of "laissez-faire". The British could also have built fisheries so that the Irish could have employed the sea to feed them but instead created workhouses that built useless roads that led to nowhere. Eventually, the landlords got rid of the workhouses because they did not want to pay the costs and instead paid passage for their Irish tenants to North America aboard "Coffin Ships". Other Irish went to America to find both food and work.
All in all, the British hd the means to stop the Great Hunger in Ireland but instead chose not to. The British employed means to make the Irish emigrate, the means to keep the Irish from having children or getting married, the means to starve the Irish to death, the means to change the Irish culture by feeding those that turned to the British, and the means to destroy the Irish people in any way possible. Even after the Great Hunger, the British still employed the means to get the Irish to emigrate to America or away from Ireland. The Great Hunger is genocride and far from just a natural catastrophe.
Something I didn't include in this essay was that when the cure for the blight was discovered, the British went out of their way to make sure that Irish could not get it.